Rubber is a polymer which has the ability to stretch and shrink. Rubber has very good properties like strength, long lasting, water resistance & heat resistance. Other benefits like being non-slip, soft, durable & resilient which makes this Rubber material the first choice for various Domestic, Industrial & Automotive Applications.
There Are Two Types Of Rubber Materials:
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Natural Rubber : Is produced from trees by making an incision which causes the slow flow of the milky fluid called latex. Latex is collected in pails and the water is then removed from it naturally and the latex is then turned into Raw Rubber.
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Synthetic Rubber : Is produced through different Chemical Synthesis in controlled & automated industrial plants. The production process consists of adding various materials like petroleum, crude oil and different types of chemicals & gases to form required Synthetic Rubber Grades.
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10 Most Common Types Of Rubber Materials:
There is a vast range of Rubber Materials available to engineers, designers and buyers. At Kesaria Rubber, we aim to closely work with customers to identify their application and use our expertise and knowledge to guide them and pick the correct Rubber Materials and Grades.
Here, we will take a closer look at 10 Most Common Types Of Rubber Materials
Natural Rubber (NR) – Natural rubber is derived from the latex of Rubber Tree through a natural process. Natural Rubber has excellent Tensile Strength and is resistant to fatigue from wear such as cutting or tearing. However, Natural Rubber is moderately resistant to heat, light and ozone damage. Natural rubber is used in Gaskets, Seals, Shock Mounts, Hoses and Tubings.
Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) – It’s a low-cost synthetic rubber that offers good abrasion resistance, outstanding impact strength, good resilience and high tensile strength. However, SBR offers poor resistance to direct sunlight, ozone, steam and oils. The main applications of styrene butadiene rubber include Tyres, Automotive Parts and Mechanical Rubber Goods.
Nitrile Rubber (NBR, Buna-N) – Is a high value synthetic rubber which has very good resistance to petroleum-based oils, fuels, water, alcohols, silicone greases and hydraulic fluids. Nitrile Rubber has excellent physical properties like low-compression set, high abrasion resistance and high tensile strength. However, It’s not advisable to use with automotive brake fluids & in fire resistant applications. The main applications include Automotive Transmission Belts, Hoses, O-Rings, Gaskets, Oil Seals, V-Belts, Printing Rollers and as Cable Jacketing.
Chloroprene (CR) – It’s a general purpose elastomer which is moderately resistant to petroleum oils and weather. It is therefore uniquely qualified for certain sealing applications where many other materials would fail. It has relatively low compression set, good resilience and abrasion, and has excellent flex cracking resistance. Chloroprene is commonly used to Seal Refrigerants In Air-Conditioners, as Adhesive for Special Coatings and for Electrical Insulation.
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) – Is a versatile rubber offering excellent heat, ozone, weathering and ageing resistance. It has low electrical conductivity, low compression set and low temperature properties. EPDM can last for a long time before embrittling. However, EPDM has poor resistance to Chemicals, Solvents, & Gasoline Fuels. EPDM is used as a Seal in various HVAC, Automotive Applications. EPDM is also a preferred material for Plumbing & Sanitary Applications.
Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR) – It exhibits better chemical & oil resistance than Nitrile Rubbers. It can withstand much higher temperatures & promises excellent resistance to oils, fuels, many chemicals, steam and ozone. However, HNBR is relatively expensive, has poor flame resistance & poor electrical insulation. HNBR is widely used in the automotive industry as Static Seals, Hydraulic Hoses and Timing Belts.
Polyacrylic Rubber (ACM) – It’s a synthetic rubber composed of acrylic monomers. It has outstanding resistance to heat, oxidation and hydraulic oils. ACM also has good resistance to ozone, and weathering which is superior to Nitrile Rubber. However, it has poor resistance to water, moisture acids and alkalis. Typical applications include Automotive Transmission Seals and Hoses, Textiles, Adhesives and Coatings.
Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSM) – It is known for its excellent resistance to atmospheric conditions and good resistance to chemicals. Chlorosulfonated polyethylene is used in a variety of industrial and automotive applications that require high performance and have to withstand extreme weather conditions. Some products where CSM is used include Rubber Linings, Hoses, Valve Seals and Gaskets etc.
Silicone (VMQ) – Is a Synthetic Rubber which performs well in water & steam applications. Silicone Rubber exhibits poor tear resistance, abrasion and tensile strength, making it better suited to static, rather than dynamic applications. Silicone Rubbers’s chemical stability makes it commonly used in the Food & Beverage and Medical Industries.
Fluoro-Elastomer (FKM) – Is a material capable of handling a diverse array of applications. This durable synthetic rubber and fluoropolymer elastomer offers exceptional temperature stability. However, it may swell in Fluorinated Solvents, is relatively costly and can fail rapidly if the wrong grade is used. It is one of the most common elastomers used for Sealing Applications including O-rings, Gaskets and Seals.
Do You Know About The History of Rubbers ?
The first use of rubber was by the indigenous cultures of Mesoamerica. The earliest archeological evidence of the use of natural latex from the Hevea tree comes from the Olmec culture, in which rubber was first used for making balls for the Mesoamerican ballgame. Rubber was later used by the Maya and Aztec cultures – in addition to making balls Aztecs used rubber for other purposes such as making containers and to make textiles waterproof by impregnating them with the latex sap.
Charles Marie de La Condamine is credited with introducing samples of rubber to the Académie Royale des Sciences of France in 1736. In 1751, he presented a paper by François Fresneau to the Académie (published in 1755) that described many of rubber’s properties. This has been referred to as the first scientific paper on rubber.
In England, Joseph Priestley, in 1770, observed that a piece of the material was extremely good for rubbing off pencil marks on paper, hence the name “rubber”. It slowly made its way around England.
Charles Goodyear developed vulcanization in 1839, although Mesoamericans used stabilized rubber for balls and other objects as early as 1600 BC.
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